Consequences of staff burnout

Burnout is defined as having feelings of exhaustion, depersonalisation, and low personal accomplishment. [1] It can negatively affect the individual, as well as their families and the organisation they serve. [1] Identifying burnout among workers, such aged care workers, allows us provide interventions to prevent or manage burnout. [2] As a result, it positively influences their wellbeing and overall productivity within the workplace. [2] By lowering burnout levels among aged care workers,  it increases the of quality care provided to clients. [2, 3]

This evidence theme on the consequences of burnout is a summary of one of the key topics identified by a scoping review of the staff burnout research. If you need more specific or comprehensive information on this topic, try using our PubMed searches provided below. 

The 2022 scoping review found fifteen studies on the consequences of burnout among aged care workers. [4-18] The 2023 update found an additional five studies that contributed this theme. [19-23]  

High burnout among aged care workers may decrease:

• Work satisfaction. [4, 11, 12]
• Job autonomy. [10]
• Work engagement. [4, 18]
• Work accomplishment. [9]
• Work-life balance. [14]
• Organisational productivity. [19-23]
• Quality of care provided to clients [19-23], for example, rushing or missing to provide essential care tasks. [13]
• Client-centred care. [9]
• Organisational citizenship behaviours, [19] such as demonstrating more hostile behaviour (for high emotional exhaustion) [15] or becoming abusive towards those in their care (high burnout and depersonalisation). [5]
• The desire to attend self-development training. [17]

High burnout may also lead to: 

• Metal health disorders (high depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion). [7]
• High rates of absenteeism and workforce turnover. [8, 18-23] One study reported no association between burnout and turnover rates. [6] 
• Low to moderate levels of health problems. [7] 
• Negative patient outcomes. [16] The study emphasised that the relationship between burnout and client outcomes may differ in strength (depending on the type of patient outcome) and between each burnout sub-scale. [16]

• Manage stress by prioritising self-care and work-life balance.
• Individuals can seek support from family, friends, colleagues, supervisors, or professional services when feeling stressed and/or burnt out.
• Individuals can attend self-development education and training (i.e. decision-making skills), which can be used as a resource to cope with stress and burnout.

• Organisations should provide a supportive culture that prioritises employee wellbeing. This can be done by providing sufficient resources and avenues for staff to seek assistance.
• Implement proactive measures such as stress-reduction programs to minimise the risk of burnout.
• Invest in education and training programs that allow managers/leaders/supervisors to effectively identify, manage and support staff members who are burnt out.

1. Salvagioni DAJ, Melanda FN, Mesas AE, González AD, Gabani FL, Andrade SMd. Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies. PloS one. 2017;12(10):e0185781.  
2. Ho HC, Chan YC. Flourishing in the workplace: A one-year prospective study on the effects of perceived organizational support and psychological capital. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022;19(2):922.  
3. Figueroa CA, Harrison R, Chauhan A, Meyer L. Priorities and challenges for health leadership and workforce management globally: A rapid review. BMC Health Serv. Res. 2019;19(1):1-11.  
4. Aloisio LD, Gifford WA, McGilton KS, Lalonde M, Estabrooks CA, Squires JE. Individual and organizational predictors of allied healthcare providers’ job satisfaction in residential long-term care. BMC Health Serv. Res. 2018;18:1-18.  
5. Cooper C, Marston L, Barber J, Livingston D, Rapaport P, Higgs P, et al. Do care homes deliver person-centred care? A cross-sectional survey of staff-reported abusive and positive behaviours towards residents from the marque (managing agitation and raising quality of life) English National Care Home Survey. PLoS One. 2018;13(3):e0193399.  
6. Costello H, Cooper C, Marston L, Livingston G. Burnout in UK care home staff and its effect on staff turnover: Marque English National Care Home Longitudinal Survey. Age Ageing. 2020;49(1):74-81.  
7. de Rooij AH, Luijkx KG, Declercq AG, Emmerink PM, Schols JM. Professional caregivers’ mental health problems and burnout in small-scale and traditional long term care settings for elderly people with dementia in the Netherlands and Belgium. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2012;13(5):486. e487-486. e411.  
8. Ejaz FK, Bukach AM, Dawson N, Gitter R, Judge KS. Examining direct service worker turnover in three long-term care industries in Ohio. J. Aging Soc. Policy. 2015;27(2):139-155.  
9. Hunter PV, Hadjistavropoulos T, Thorpe L, Lix LM, Malloy DC. The influence of individual and organizational factors on person-centred dementia care. Aging Ment Health. 2016;20(7):700-708.  
10. Kim B, Liu L, Ishikawa H, Park S-H. Relationships between social support, job autonomy, job satisfaction, and burnout among care workers in long-term care facilities in Hawaii. Educ. Gerontol. 2019;45(1):57-68.  
11. Kim BJ, Ishikawa H, Liu L, Ohwa M, Sawada Y, Lim HY, et al. The effects of job autonomy and job satisfaction on burnout among careworkers in long-term care settings: Policy and practice implications for Japan and South Korea. Educ. Gerontol. 2018;44(5-6):289-300.  
12. Kim BJ, Lee S-y. A cross-sectional study on the impacts of perceived job value, job maintenance, and social support on burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021;18(2):476.  
13. Knopp‐Sihota JA, Niehaus L, Squires JE, Norton PG, Estabrooks CA. Factors associated with rushed and missed resident care in western Canadian nursing homes: A cross‐sectional survey of health care aides. J. Clin. Nurs. 2015;24(19-20):2815-2825.  
14. Min D. Effects of resilience, burnout, and work-related physical pain on work-life balance of registered nurses in south Korean nursing homes: A cross-sectional study. Med. 2022;101(30).  
15. Tanaka K, Iso N, Sagari A, Tokunaga A, Iwanaga R, Honda S, et al. Burnout of long-term care facility employees: Relationship with employees' expressed emotion toward patients. Int. J. Gerontol. 2015;9(3):161-165.  
16. Eltaybani S, Yamamoto-Mitani N, Ninomiya A, Igarashi A. The association between nurses’ burnout and objective care quality indicators: A cross-sectional survey in long-term care wards. BMC Nurs. 2021;20(1):1-10.  
17. Frey R, Boyd M, Foster S, Robinson J, Gott M. Burnout matters: The impact on residential aged care staffs’ willingness to undertake formal palliative care training. Prog Palliat Care. 2015;23(2):68-74.  
18. Eltaybani S, Noguchi-Watanabe M, Igarashi A, Saito Y, Yamamoto-Mitani N. Factors related to intention to stay in the current workplace among long-term care nurses: A nationwide survey. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 2018;80:118-127.  
19. Estabrooks CA, Duan Y, Cummings GG, Doupe M, Hoben M, Keefe J, et al. Changes in health and well-being of nursing home managers from a prepandemic baseline in February 2020 to December 2021. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2023;24(2):148-155.  
20. Navarro‐Prados AB, Rodríguez‐Ramírez Y, Satorres E, Meléndez JC. Stress and burnout in nursing home and égida workers during Covid‐19. J. Adv. Nurs. 2024;80(2):733-744.  
21. Shamon S, Gill A, Meadows L, Kruizinga J, Kaasalainen S, Pereira J. Providing palliative and end-of-life care in long-term care during the Covid-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of clinicians’ lived experiences. CMAJ open. 2023;11(4):E745-E753.  
22. Scheepers RA, van den Broek T, Cramm JM, Finkenflügel H, Nieboer AP. Changes in work conditions and well-being among healthcare professionals in long-term care settings in the Netherlands during the Covid-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Hum. Resour. Health. 2023;21(1):59.  
23. Navarro‐Prados AB, García‐Tizón SJ, Meléndez JC, López J. Factors associated with satisfaction and depressed mood among nursing home workers during the Covid‐19 pandemic. J. Clin. Nurs. 2022;33(1), 265–272.